You can breathe through your nose while you drink but not through your mouth. Swallowing either food or liquid, causes the epiglottis (the flap over your windpipe) to close over to protect your airway and lungs from whatever you are trying to ingest. We have a specific reflex that closes the epiglottis automatically.
Your body doesn’t want to risk getting water in your lungs, which is why it evolved to use only one pipe at a time. The act of swallowing flips the epiglottis to cover the trachea (wind-pipe) while opening up the oesophagus (food-pipe) allowing water/food to go to your stomach, were it belongs.
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