Due to the way planets rotate around the sun in a non-perfect circle, the distances between them varies, as it does from the sun.
However at its closest point, Jupiter is still much, much further away than the sun.
Something like 360 million miles for Jupiter vs 150 million miles for the sun.
You probably know that the planets (including Earth and Jupiter) all go around the sun in a path that looks like an ellipse, i.e not a perfect circle. This means that the distance between each planet and the sun is constantly changing. However, even at the greatest distance the Earth is always closer to the sun than it is to Jupiter. Earth and Jupiter are on average 390,674,710 miles apart while the Earth and the Sun are 92,900,000 miles apart
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